Understanding EICR Regulations: A Complete Guide for Landlords and Tenants

– By Yam Roka, Yeti Homes Estates 

Electrical safety in rental properties is not just a matter of maintenance, but also a legal obligation. The Electrical Installation Condition Report (EICR) plays a key role in ensuring that every rented home in the UK is electrically safe, compliant, and fit for habitation.

Whether you’re a landlord managing a portfolio or a tenant wanting to understand your rights, this guide explains what an EICR is, who it applies to, and what both landlords and tenants must do to stay compliant.

What is an EICR?

An Electrical Installation Condition Report (EICR) is a formal assessment that examines the safety and performance of a property’s fixed electrical installations. This includes the wiring, sockets, light fittings, fuse boards (consumer units) and any permanently connected appliances.

The inspection identifies any defects, deterioration, damage, or potential safety hazards within these systems. It also provides clear recommendations for repair or improvement to ensure that the property’s electrical installation is safe and compliant with current UK standards.

After the inspection and testing are completed by a qualified electrician, a written EICR document is issued. This document records the overall condition of the installation and assigns specific codes to indicate the level of concern and the type of action required:

• C1 – Danger present, immediate action required
  
• C2 – Potentially dangerous, urgent remedial action required
  
• C3 – Improvement recommended
  
• FI – Further investigation needed
  

For landlords, the EICR is often referred to as a “Landlord Electrical Safety Certificate” or “Landlord EICR Certificate.

It’s important to note that an EICR is not just a visual check. It involves comprehensive testing in line with the BS 7671 Wiring Regulations (18th Edition) as per the UK standard for electrical safety to confirm that the installation remains safe for continued use.

Who Do the EICR Rules Apply To?

In the UK, electrical safety regulations apply to all rented residential properties where a tenant has the right to occupy the property as their main or only residence, and pays rent, whether in the private or social rented sector.

This means that landlords in both sectors must ensure their properties undergo EICR inspections at least every five years (or sooner, if specified by the previous report).

However, some types of accommodation are excluded from this specific electrical safety regime. These include:

• Properties where the landlord lives with the tenant and shares facilities (e.g. lodger arrangements).
  
• Long leases (seven years or more) and shared-ownership properties.
  
• Certain types of student halls of residence, hostels, care homes, and mobile or modular homes, such as boats or caravans.

What are your Landlord Responsibilities & Rights under EICR Regulations?

Landlords in the UK are legally required to ensure that all electrical installations in their rental properties are safe and compliant with the Electrical Safety Standards in the Private Rented Sector (England) Regulations 2020 (as amended to include the social rented sector in 2025).

What are your Landlord Responsibilities?

To comply with above regulations, landlords must:

• Arrange an inspection and test of the property’s fixed electrical installation by a qualified and competent electrician at least once every five years, or sooner if recommended in the previous report.
  
• Obtain an Electrical Installation Condition Report (EICR) following the inspection, which outlines the results and specifies the next inspection date.
  
• Provide copies of the report to relevant parties:
  
  • To existing tenants within 28 days of the inspection.
  • To new tenants before they move in.
  • To prospective tenants within 28 days of a written request.
  • Submit a copy to the local authority within 7 days if they request it.
    
• Complete any remedial or follow-up work identified in the EICR. Particularly issues classified as C1 (danger present), C2 (potentially dangerous), or FI (further investigation required) within 28 days, or sooner if the report specifies.
  
• Keep a record of the EICR and any associated remedial work until the next inspection is due or suspended.

By following these responsibilities, landlords not only meet their legal obligations but also help ensure the safety, compliance, and long-term value of their properties.

What are your Landlord Rights?

• Right to Access for Compliance: Landlords are legally entitled to reasonable access to the property to carry out inspections or remedial work, provided tenants are given prior notice (usually 24 hours).
  
• Right to Choose Qualified Contractors: Landlords can select their own qualified and registered electricians as long as they meet national safety standards (NICEIC, NAPIT, or equivalent accreditation).
  
• Right to Be Notified of Non-Compliance: If tenants misuse electrical installations or deny access for inspections, landlords can document the incident and notify the local authority to protect themselves from liability.
  
• Right to Legal Protection: Landlords who follow proper procedure and maintain records demonstrating compliance are protected from unjustified legal action or penalties.

What Happens in Case of Landlord Non-Compliance?

Failure to comply with EICR regulations can lead to significant consequences for landlords. Non-compliance may result in legal action, financial penalties, and insurance complications, including:

• Remedial Notices: The local authority can issue a remedial notice, requiring the landlord to carry out the necessary inspection or repair work within a specified period.
  
• Enforcement and Cost Recovery: If the landlord fails to act within the given timeframe, the local authority has the power to arrange the work themselves and recover the costs directly from the landlord.
  
• Financial Penalties: Local councils can impose financial penalties for breaches of the electrical safety regulations.
  
• Insurance Risks: If a landlord does not hold a valid or up-to-date EICR, or fails to address issues identified in the report, their landlord insurance policy may be rendered invalid. This could leave the landlord personally liable for any damages, losses, or injuries resulting from electrical faults.
  
• Tenant Claims: Under the Homes (Fitness for Human Habitation) Act 2018, tenants may pursue legal action or claim compensation if their home is unsafe due to electrical risks.

What are your Tenant Responsibilities & Rights under EICR Regulations?

Electrical safety within rented homes is a shared responsibility between landlords and tenants. While landlords are legally required to maintain safe electrical installations, tenants also have important responsibilities and rights to ensure the property remains compliant and habitable.

What are your Tenant Responsibilities?

• Report Electrical Issues Promptly: Tenants should immediately report any electrical concerns, such as damaged sockets, flickering lights, or exposed wiring, to their landlord or letting agent. Early reporting helps prevent hazards and ensures timely maintenance.
  
• Allow Access for Inspections and Repairs: Tenants must provide reasonable access to qualified electricians or contractors when electrical inspections, testing, or remedial work are scheduled.
  
• Use Electrical Installations Safely: Avoid overloading sockets, using faulty appliances, or tampering with the property’s wiring. Safe everyday use supports the overall integrity of the electrical system.

What are your Tenant Rights?

• Right to a Safe Home: Every tenant has the right to live in a property that meets electrical safety standards and is fit for habitation, as required by the Homes (Fitness for Human Habitation) Act 2018.
  
• Access to the EICR Report: Tenants are entitled to receive a copy of the Electrical Installation Condition Report (EICR):
  
  • Existing tenants must receive it within 28 days of the inspection.
    
  • New tenants must be provided with the report before moving in.

What Can Tenants Do in Case of Landlord Non-Compliance?

If a landlord fails to meet EICR obligations, tenants have several courses of action to protect their safety and legal rights:

• Communicate the Issue: Raise the concern with the landlord or letting agent in writing, explaining the specific electrical problem or missing EICR documentation. Keep copies of all correspondence.
  
• Contact the Local Council: If no action is taken, tenants can report the issue to their local housing authority, which can investigate, issue enforcement notices, and ensure remedial work is completed.
  
• Seek Legal Advice: Tenants can contact Citizens Advice,Shelter UK, or a housing solicitor for free or low-cost legal guidance on how to enforce their rights.
  
• Take Legal Action: Under the Homes (Fitness for Human Habitation) Act 2018, tenants can bring a legal claim to compel repairs or seek compensation if the property is unsafe due to electrical faults.
  
• Maintain Evidence: Keep records of all communications, photographs, inspection dates, and copies of reports. This documentation is crucial if further investigation or legal proceedings are required.

Why Is EICR Compliance Beneficial Beyond Legal Requirements?

EICR compliance is not only about avoiding fines, but it is also about protecting your investment and reputation. Regular inspections help identify potential problems before they escalate, reduce long-term repair costs, and enhance tenant satisfaction and trust.

Landlords who stay compliant demonstrate professionalism, uphold safety standards, and maintain stronger relationships with tenants and insurers alike.

Conclusion 

The EICR is not just a compliance document, it’s a foundation for electrical safety, tenant trust, and property value. For landlords, staying proactive with inspections and records protects against legal risks and financial loss. For tenants, understanding your rights ensures your home remains safe and habitable.

Electrical safety is everyone’s responsibility and compliance today prevents costly consequences for tomorrow.